What's the Controversy Over the Use of Cyanide in Gold Mining?

If you're like most people, you want to know thatcyanide-containing waste into watercourses and
what you're investing in, no matter how you gothese issues got major press attention.
about doing it, isn't causing more harm than good.Over the last couple of decades, however,
That's one reason there are many questionscyanide safety has become both a science and an
about the use of cyanide in processing gold- andinstitution. Most major gold producers belong to an
silver-bearing ores. Much of the world's gold todayinternational organization which sets standards for
is acquired through the use of cyanide, either onhandling cyanide.
leach pads or in mills.Cyanide even used to make cosmetics
The question is, is it safe?By the way, many industries use cyanide and all
While the question might be consideredhave become more attuned to using it safety
ambiguous, I'll answer it "yes," then explain.over recent decades. More than one and a
To misquote Bill Clinton, define safe. Is a car safe?quarter million tons of cyanide are produced each
Then why are there 10s of thousands of fatalitiesyear, with almost 90 percent of that used for
in the United States each year? Are hospitalsbasic industrial and consumers items, including
safe? Then why are there 100,000 doctor- andplastics, pharmaceuticals and even cosmetics. Just
hospital-caused fatalities each year?over 10 percent is used in mining.
Cars and hospital are things we "need" and we'reFortunately for all of us, cyanide, which is basically
willing to overlook a "few" safety issues in ordercarbon and nitrogen along with sodium, calcium or
to have them. Gold doesn't fall into that category,potassium, breaks down quickly upon exposure in
so we have almost zero tolerance. In fact, therenon-alkaline conditions; in other words, to keep it
are a few people who don't want us to be mininguseful for mining, it must be carefully controlled.
gold at all, saying it isn't worth the cost.Most mining companies in the "third world" are
Cyanide for processing gold came into use in theNorth American firms, which much meet U.S. or
1890s, replacing mercury (which has a far worseCanadian standards for environmental rules and
safety record.) It really started to be used in thefor safety and have to report back to
gold boom of the 1980s, when the price of goldshareholders who are general far more concerned
shot up 10 times what it had ever been before.about these issues than the general public.
Workers knew virtually nothing about the effectsSo, is cyanide a reason to keep from investing in
of cyanide (yes, it's the same stuff that used bygold? Not unless the investor demands a perfect
spies to kill themselves when captured) and failedworld. Then he won't have a chance to invest in
to take precautions. Miners allowed spills ofmuch at all.